Pancreatitis in dogs – Causes. Symptoms. Treatment
Pancreatitis in dogs is an inflammation of the pancreas. This condition can be of two types: acute or chronic. If not treated in time, this condition can permanently damage the pancreas. Problems can also extend to the brain.
Biotur recommends taking your pet to the vet as soon as possible if you notice something wrong with the animal’s health.
The pancreas is a small organ located between the stomach and the first part of the small intestine. The functions of the pancreas are to produce the hormone insulin and digestive enzymes. When the pancreas becomes inflamed, pancreatitis develops.
The pancreas consists of two main parts:
– Exocrine part – deals with the production of enzymes and their secretion. Enzymes are released in the upper part of the intestine and represent 98% of the entire structure.
– The endocrine part – deals with the production of hormones and is made up of certain groups of cells (Islets of Langerhans).
Pancreatic enzymes are found in the gland in an inactive form. They are activated when they reach the first part of the intestine, i.e. the duodenum.
Pancreatitis in dogs – types
There are two types of pancreatitis in dogs:
– Acute pancreatitis – in this case, there are no permanent changes in the glandular parenchyma (tissue), but they can have serious consequences. Active enzymes are produced directly inside the gland and not in the duodenum.
– Chronic pancreatitis – occurs as a result of the development of acute pancreatitis. It develops when the symptoms of acute pancreatitis subside, but the damage remains forever. Chronic pancreatitis is an inflammatory pathology of the pancreatic tissue that perpetuates itself over time. The dog will have permanent pain and loss of epithelial function caused by an initial acute form. Chronic pancreatitis can cause another condition, namely exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
Pancreatitis in dogs – Causes
Pancreatitis in dogs develops from a diet high in fat and carbohydrates. Pet owners shouldn’t give their dogs the same food they eat. Feeding them only exceptional dog food containing the necessary nutrients for healthy development is preferable.
The leading causes of pancreatitis in dogs are:
– High levels of fat in the blood (lipaemia);
– High levels of calcium in the blood (hypercalcemia);
– Trauma to the pancreas;
– Some drugs or toxins.
Pancreatitis in dogs – Symptoms
The main symptoms of pancreatitis in dogs are:
– Lethargy
– Hypothermia
– Fever
– Jaundice
– Abdominal pains
– Dehydration
– Diarrhea
-Vomiting
– Anorexia
-Weight loss
Certain risk factors could cause pancreatitis to develop in dogs, such as improper diets, certain medications, and abdominal trauma. Also, some dog breeds such as Yorkshire Terriers, Cocker Spaniels, Dachshunds, and Pudels, are much more prone to this condition.
Biotur recommends to veterinarians, pharmacies and veterinary offices the exclusive Prolife brand is suitable for hypoallergenic dog diets. The premium wet food offered by this range has multiple beneficial properties for the harmonious development of pets.
Diagnosis
Pancreatitis in dogs can be recognized by vomiting and abdominal pain. It would be best if you saw your vet as soon as possible to avoid complications in the future.
The veterinarian will also perform blood tests, abdominal x-rays, abdominal ultrasonography, pancreatic cytology or histopathology. In some instances, a pancreatic biopsy may also be necessary.
Treatment
For pancreatitis in dogs, treatment consists primarily of supportive care with fluid therapy, close monitoring, and early intervention to prevent complications. In animals with a mild form, a thorough examination is necessary to detect the presence of risk factors.
A low-fat diet is required for effective treatment. Treatment will also reduce the dog’s pain and prevent further organ and tissue damage. The veterinarian may administer intravenous fluids to ensure the pet remains hydrated and restore potassium levels. The vet may also prescribe some pain relievers to reduce nausea and vomiting.
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